2014夏令營介紹,主謂一致(Subject- Verb Agreement),指“人稱”和“數(shù)方面的一致關(guān)系。如: He is going abroad. They are playing football. 可分為:語法一致, 內(nèi)容一致, 就近一致。
(一) 語法一致原則: 即主語為單數(shù),謂語用單數(shù),主語為復(fù)數(shù),謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)
以下為注意事項:
1. 單數(shù)主語即使后面帶有with , along with, together with, like(象), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引導(dǎo)的短語, 謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。
如: Air as well as water is matter. 空氣和水都是物質(zhì)。
No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了兩個仆人外, 沒有一個人遲來用餐。
2. 用and連接的并列主語,如果主語是同一個人,同一事,同一概念, 謂語動詞用單數(shù), 否則用復(fù)數(shù)。 如:
The poet and writer has come. 那位詩人兼作家來了。(一個人)
A hammer and a saw are useful tools. 錘子和鋸都是有用的工具。 (兩樣物)
用and連接的成對名詞習(xí)慣上被看成是一個整體, 如:bread and butter(黃油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
3. 不定式(短語), 動名詞(短語), 或從句作主語時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 如:
Serving the people is my great happiness.
為人民服務(wù)是我最大的幸福。
When we'll go out for an outing has been decided.
我們什么時候出去郊游已決定了。
4. 用連接的并列主語被each, every 或no修飾時, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。
Every boy and every girl likes to go swimming. 每個男孩和每個女孩都喜歡去游泳。
No teacher and no student was absent from the meeting. 沒有老師也沒有學(xué)生開會缺席。
Each man and (each) woman is asked to help. 每個男人和每個女人都被請去幫忙。
5. each of + 復(fù)數(shù)代詞, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 復(fù)數(shù)代詞+each, 謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如:
Each of us has something to say. 我們每個人都有話要說。
6. 若主語中有more than one 或many a/an , 盡管從意義上看是復(fù)數(shù), 但它的謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)。 但more+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one做主語時, 謂語動詞仍用復(fù)數(shù)。 如:
Many a boy likes playing basketball. 許多男生都喜歡打籃球。
More than one student was late. 不只一個學(xué)生遲到
More persons than one come to help us. 不止一個人來幫助我們。
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