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托福寫作語法不可忽視，上海新東方英語夏令營從小小的冠詞開始為大家介紹。冠詞，你用對了嗎？

        托福寫作語法不可忽視，上海新東方英語夏令營從小小的冠詞開始為大家介紹。冠詞，你用對了嗎？

一 基本規(guī)律 (basic rules)

1. indefinite article (不定冠詞)

我們用 "a , an " 當(dāng)我們不知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個：

* is one of many. ( 是許多個中的一個)

he is an artist.(=there are many artists)

* is not unique. (不是唯一的)

i have just bought a book

* has not been mentioned before. (之前沒有提到過)

there was a new student in class today.

2. definite article (定冠詞)

我們用 " the " 當(dāng)我們知道他是諸多人或事中的哪一個：

* is unique (or unique in that context) (是唯一的)

the australian prime minister. (=there is only one)

i looked inside, the engine was in a terrible state. (=there is only one engine, in this case)

* has been mentioned before. (之前提到過)

the man gave me a ticket. i looked at it, and saw that the ticket was a single.

* is defined by the phrase which follows it. (要被接下來的短語詳細說明)

what is the new student's name?

3. no articles (無冠詞)

我們不用冠詞當(dāng)我們普遍地提及事物的時候：

* using plural or uncountable nouns (在使用復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞時)

do you like sport?

* with the names of people or places, but there are many exceptions (人名和地名的時候不用冠詞，但是地名有許多例外，下文一一介紹)

he is professor jones

4. fixed phrases ( 固定短語)

有許多固定搭配需要用或者不用冠詞，我們應(yīng)該來單獨學(xué)習(xí)，他們包括：

a few at home at work at the beginning atthe end go to bed

go to the cinemas, shops, station in the world once a week

sixty kilometres an hour the next the other the other day

the same

二 經(jīng)常發(fā)生問題的區(qū)域 (areas that often cause problems)

1. jobs (工作)

如果有許多人做這個工作我們用 a 或 an.：

my husband is an architect. (=there are many architects)

但是如果一個工作特別對應(yīng)一個人，我們就要用“the”了：

he is having talks with the french foreign minister(外交部長). (=there is only one)

2. superlative (最高級)

我們使用“the”在形容詞最高級前面：

she is the best person for the job.

3. institutions: school, prison, university, church, home, hospital

和以上機構(gòu)連用時我們不用定冠詞“the”

my sister had to stay in hospital overnight.

然而，如果我們指的是這個建筑，我們就要用“the”

our flat is opposite the hospital.

4. last and next

       有一些形容詞如 “l(fā)ast” 和 “next ”同時可以用也可以不用定冠詞“the”但是句意會發(fā)生變化

i saw james last night. (=the one before this one)

it is the last night of our holiday. (=the fanal one)

i will see you next week.(=the one after this one)