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新東方酷學酷玩夏令營介紹在英語學習中應該掌握的分詞的時態(tài)，讓孩子學習英語掌握更多的知識。

     新東方酷學酷玩英語夏令營介紹在學習英語的過程中應該掌握的分詞的時態(tài)的知識點。

    1）與主語動詞同時，

    hearing the news, he jumped with joy.　 聽到這一消息，他高興得手舞足蹈。

    arriving there, they found the boy dead.　剛一到那兒，他們就發(fā)現(xiàn)那男孩死了。

    典型例題

    the secretary worked late into the night, ___a long speech for the president.

    a. to prepare　 b. preparing　 c. prepared　 d. was preparing

    答案b. 此處沒有連詞，不能選d，否則出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語動詞worked和was preparing。 只能在b，c中選一個。又因前后兩個動作同時發(fā)生，且與主語為主動關系，應用現(xiàn)在分詞。

    2）先于主動詞

    while walking in the garden，he hurt his leg. 在花園里散步時他傷了腿。

    分詞作時間狀語，如果先與主動詞的動作，且強調(diào)先后， 要用having done。

    having finished his homework, he went out.

    =as he had finished his homework, he went out.

    做完作業(yè)后，他出去了。

    典型例題

    ___ a reply, he decided to write again.

    a. not receiving　　b. receiving not　 c. not having received　 d. having not received

    答案c. 本題考查分詞的時態(tài)與分詞的否定式。根據(jù)題意判斷，分詞的動作（接信）發(fā)生在謂語動詞的動作（決心再寫信）之前，因此用分詞的完成式。分詞的否定式的構成為not +分詞，故選c。該句可理解為：because he had not received a reply, he decided to write again.